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5-IAI From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search 5-IAI Systematic (IUPAC) name 5-iodo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-amine Identifiers CAS number 132367-76-1 ATC code None PubChem CID 131506 ChemSpider 116224 Y Chemical data Formula C9H10IN  Mol. mass 259.087 g/mol SMILES eMolecules & PubChem InChI[show]

• InChI=1S/C9H10IN/c10-8-2-1-6-4-9(11)5-7(6)3-8/h1-3,9H,4-5,11H2 Y
  Key: BIHPYCDDPGNWQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Therapeutic considerations Pregnancy cat.  ? Legal status Uncontrolled Routes Oral, Insufflated, Rectal  Y(what is this?)  (verify)
5-Iodo-2-aminoindane (5-IAI) is a drug which acts as a releasing agent of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.[1] It was developed in the 1990s by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University.[2] 5-IAI fully substitutes for MDMA in rodents and is a putative entactogen in humans.[2] Unlike related aminoindane derivatives like MDAI and MMAI, 5-IAI causes some serotonergic neurotoxicity in rats, but is substantially less toxic than the its corresponding amphetamine homologue pIA, with the damage observed barely reaching statistical significance.[1]

[edit] See also

• 2-Aminoindane (2-AI)
• para-Iodoamphetamine (pIA)
• 6-Chloro-2-aminotetralin (6-CAT)

[edit] References

1. ^ a b Johnson MP, Conarty PF, Nichols DE (July 1991). "[3H]monoamine releasing and uptake inhibition properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and p-chloroamphetamine analogues". European Journal of Pharmacology 200 (1): 9–16. PMID 1685125. 
2. ^ a b Nichols DE, Johnson MP, Oberlender R (January 1991). "5-Iodo-2-aminoindan, a nonneurotoxic analogue of p-iodoamphetamine". Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 38 (1): 135–9. PMID 1826785. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0091-3057(91)90601-W.

NRG2 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search edit Neuregulin 2 Identifiers Symbols NRG2; Don-1; HRG2; NTAK External IDs OMIM: 603818 HomoloGene: 75024 GeneCards: NRG2 Gene [show]Gene Ontology Molecular function • growth factor activity
Cellular component • membrane
• integral to membrane
Biological process • anti-apoptosis
• signal transduction
• cell-cell signaling
• embryonic development
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO RNA expression pattern More reference expression data Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9542 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000158458 n/a UniProt O14511 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) XM_001129975 n/a RefSeq (protein) XP_001129975 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 5:
139.21 - 139.4 Mb n/a PubMed search [1] n/a Neuregulin 2, also known as NRG2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NRG2 gene.[1][2][3]

Function Neuregulin 2 (NRG2) is a novel member of the neuregulin family of growth and differentiation factors. Through interaction with the ErbB family of receptors, NRG2 induces the growth and differentiation of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells. The gene consists of 12 exons and the genomic structure is similar to that of neuregulin 1 (NRG1), another member of the neuregulin family of ligands. NRG1 and NRG2 mediate distinct biological processes by acting at different sites in tissues and eliciting different biological responses in cells. The gene is located close to the region for demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease locus, but is not responsible for this disease. Alternative transcripts encoding distinct isoforms have been described.[1]

References

1. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: NRG2 neuregulin 2". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9542. 
2. ^ Chang H, Riese DJ, Gilbert W, Stern DF, McMahan UJ (May 1997). "Ligands for ErbB-family receptors encoded by a neuregulin-like gene". Nature 387 (6632): 509–12. doi:10.1038/387509a0. PMID 9168114. 
3. ^ Carraway KL, Weber JL, Unger MJ, Ledesma J, Yu N, Gassmann M, Lai C (May 1997). "Neuregulin-2, a new ligand of ErbB3/ErbB4-receptor tyrosine kinases". Nature 387 (6632): 512–6. doi:10.1038/387512a0. PMID 9168115. 

Further reading

• Chang H, Riese DJ, Gilbert W, et al. (1997). "Ligands for ErbB-family receptors encoded by a neuregulin-like gene.". Nature 387 (6632): 509–12. doi:10.1038/387509a0. PMID 9168114. 
• Carraway KL, Weber JL, Unger MJ, et al. (1997). "Neuregulin-2, a new ligand of ErbB3/ErbB4-receptor tyrosine kinases.". Nature 387 (6632): 512–6. doi:10.1038/387512a0. PMID 9168115. 
• Busfield SJ, Michnick DA, Chickering TW, et al. (1997). "Characterization of a neuregulin-related gene, Don-1, that is highly expressed in restricted regions of the cerebellum and hippocampus.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (7): 4007–14. PMC 232253. PMID 9199335. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=232253. 
• Higashiyama S, Horikawa M, Yamada K, et al. (1998). "A novel brain-derived member of the epidermal growth factor family that interacts with ErbB3 and ErbB4.". J. Biochem. 122 (3): 675–80. PMID 9348101. 
• Reddy PH, Stockburger E, Gillevet P, Tagle DA (1998). "Mapping and characterization of novel (CAG)n repeat cDNAs from adult human brain derived by the oligo capture method.". Genomics 46 (2): 174–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5044. PMID 9417904. 
• Ring HZ, Chang H, Guilbot A, et al. (1999). "The human neuregulin-2 (NRG2) gene: cloning, mapping and evaluation as a candidate for the autosomal recessive form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease linked to 5q.". Hum. Genet. 104 (4): 326–32. doi:10.1007/s004390050961. PMID 10369162. 
• Yamada K, Ichino N, Nishii K, et al. (2000). "Characterization of the human NTAK gene structure and distribution of the isoforms for rat NTAK mRNA.". Gene 255 (1): 15–24. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00309-7. PMID 10974560. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Nakano N, Higashiyama S, Ohmoto H, et al. (2004). "The N-terminal region of NTAK/neuregulin-2 isoforms has an inhibitory activity on angiogenesis.". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (12): 11465–70. doi:10.1074/jbc.M311045200. PMID 14722120. 
• Ponomareva ON, Ma H, Dakour R, et al. (2005). "Stimulation of acetylcholine receptor transcription by neuregulin-2 requires an N-box response element and is regulated by alternative splicing.". Neuroscience 134 (2): 495–503. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.04.028. PMID 15961242. 
• Fan BJ, Ko WC, Wang DY, et al. (2007). "Fine mapping of new glaucoma locus GLC1M and exclusion of neuregulin 2 as the causative gene.". Mol. Vis. 13: 779–84. PMC 2768763. PMID 17563728. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2768763.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Benzofuran IUPAC name[hide] 1-Benzofuran Other names[hide] Coumarone, benzo[b]furan Identifiers CAS number 271-89-6 Y PubChem 9223 ChemSpider 8868 Y KEGG C14512 Y ChEMBL CHEMBL363614 Y SMILES[show]

• o2c1ccccc1cc2

InChI[show]

• InChI=1S/C8H6O/c1-2-4-8-7(3-1)5-6-9-8/h1-6H Y
  Key: IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C8H6O/c1-2-4-8-7(3-1)5-6-9-8/h1-6H
  Key: IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYAU

Properties Molecular formula C8H6O Molar mass 118.13 g mol−1 Melting point -18 °C, 255 K, -0 °F

Boiling point 173 °C, 446 K, 343 °F

 Y(what is this?)  (verify)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references Benzofuran is the heterocyclic compound consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. This colourless solid is a component of coal tar. Benzofuran is the "parent" of many related compounds with more complex structures. For example, psoralen is a benzofuran derivative that occurs in several plants.

Contents[hide]

• 1 Production
  • 1.1 Laboratory methods
• 2 Related compounds
• 3 Safety
• 4 References

[edit] Production Benzofuran is extracted from coal tar. It is also obtained by dehydrogenation of 2-ethylphenol.[1]

[edit] Laboratory methods Benzofuran can be prepared by O-alkylation of salicylaldehyde with chloroacetic acid followed by dehydration of the resulting ether.[2] In another method called the "Perkin rearrangement"[3][4] a coumarin is reacted with a hydroxide:

[edit] Related compounds

• Furan, an analog without the fused benzene ring.
• Indole, an analog with a nitrogen instead of the oxygen atom.
• Isobenzofuran, the isomer with oxygen in the adjacent position.
• Aurone

[edit] Safety The LD50 in mice is 500 mg/kg.[1]

[edit] References

1. ^ a b Gerd Collin, Hartmut Höke "Benzofurans" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi: 10.1002/14356007.l03_l01
2. ^ Albert W. Burgstahler and Leonard R. Worden “Coumarone” Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 5, p.251 (1973). http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV5P0251.pdf
3. ^ W. H. Perkin, J. Chem. Soc., 1870, 23, 368; 1871, 24, 37.
4. ^ Reactions of carbonyl compounds in basic solutions. Part 32.1 The Perkin rearrangement Keith Bowden and Sinan Battah J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1998, 1603 - 1606, doi:10.1039/a801538d